How to Test a Submersible Well Pump

Testing a submersible well pump is crucial for ensuring its efficiency and longevity. Whether you're performing routine maintenance or troubleshooting issues, a thorough test can help identify problems before they escalate. Below is a comprehensive guide on how to test a submersible well pump effectively.

Safety Precautions

Before you begin testing, it's essential to prioritize safety. Turn off the power to the pump at the circuit breaker to prevent electrical shocks. Wear rubber gloves and safety goggles to protect yourself from any debris or water that may splash during the process. If you have any doubts or lack experience, consider hiring a professional.

Tools and Equipment Needed

To test the submersible well pump, you will need the following tools

Step-by-Step Testing Process

1. Visual Inspection Begin with a visual inspection of the wellhead and the surface components of the pump. Look for any signs of wear, corrosion, or leaks. Ensure that all electrical connections are secure and undamaged.

2. Measure Well Depth Use measuring tape or a weighted line to determine the depth of the water in the well. This will give you a baseline for understanding the pump's performance.

3. Check Voltage and Current Use the electrical multimeter to check the voltage and current going to the pump. Compare these readings with the manufacturer’s specifications. If the readings are outside the recommended range, you may have electrical issues.

4. Test for Flow Rate To measure the flow rate, redirect the water discharge into a bucket or container. Time how long it takes to fill a specific volume (e.g., one gallon) and calculate the flow rate in gallons per minute (GPM). A significant drop in flow rate compared to the pump's specifications may indicate problems within the pump or obstruction in the well.

5. Pressure Test Attach a pressure gauge to the discharge pipe to measure the water pressure being delivered by the pump. Start the pump and observe the pressure readings. Again, compare these with the manufacturer's specifications. A low pressure may suggest wear in the pump or a blockage in the piping.

6. Pump Run Time Monitor how long the pump runs without shutting off. If the pump cycles on and off frequently, it may indicate a problem such as a failing pressure switch or a drop in the water table.

7. Listen for Strange Noises While the pump is running, listen for any unusual noises, such as grinding or rattling. Such sounds can be indicative of mechanical issues within the pump.

8. Evaluate the Water Quality After testing, take note of the water's quality. Any unusual discoloration, odor, or particles may indicate contamination or problems within the well system.

Conclusion

Testing a submersible well pump is a vital process that should be conducted regularly to ensure optimal performance and reliability. By following these steps, you can quickly identify any potential issues and address them before they lead to significant failures. Remember, if you encounter any complex problems during your testing, it’s advisable to seek assistance from a professional well technician. Regular maintenance and testing can extend the life of your submersible well pump, ensuring you have a steady supply of clean water for years to come.