Troubleshooting a Submersible Water Pump That is Not Pumping Water

Submersible water pumps are essential devices used in various applications, such as dewatering, irrigation, and sewage disposal. These pumps are designed to operate underwater, and their unique construction allows them to push water to the surface efficiently. However, when a submersible water pump fails to pump water, it can cause delays and frustrations. This article will explore the common reasons why a submersible water pump may not be working and how to troubleshoot the issue.

Common Causes for a Pump Not Working

1. Power Supply Issues One of the first things to check when a submersible pump is not functioning is the power supply. Ensure that the pump is plugged in and that the outlet is working. Use a multimeter to check the voltage at the outlet. If there’s no power, investigate whether a circuit breaker has tripped or if there’s a blown fuse.

2. Overheating Submersible pumps can overheat if they run continuously for too long or if they’re submerged in water that’s warmer than their operational limit. Overheating often triggers an internal thermal overload switch, which temporarily shuts off the pump. Allow the pump to cool down and try restarting it. If overheating is a frequent problem, consider installing a timer or reducing the pump's workload.

3. Clogged Intake Screen Debris, sediment, or even aquatic life can clog the intake screen of a submersible pump, preventing it from drawing water. To fix this, turn off the pump and remove it from the water source. Inspect and clean the intake screen thoroughly before reinstalling the pump.

4. Blocked Discharge Pipe Sometimes, the issue lies further down the line. A blockage in the discharge pipe can prevent water from flowing out of the pump. Check along the discharge pipe for kinks, clogs, or any physical obstructions. Clearing these blockages often restores pump function.

5. Broken Impeller The impeller is a crucial component in a submersible pump, responsible for moving water through the pump. A broken or damaged impeller can dramatically reduce or completely stop water flow. Inspect the impeller for signs of damage. If it’s not functioning correctly, you may need to repair or replace the impeller.

6. Air Lock Occasionally, submersible pumps can develop an air lock, which prevents them from pumping water. This can occur if there’s a higher elevation in the discharge line. To resolve this, you may need to vent the discharge line by loosening a connection point to allow trapped air to escape.

7. Incorrect Pump Sizing If the pump is undersized for the task it’s performing, it may struggle to pump water effectively. This situation can arise, for example, when a pump is used in a situation for which it was not designed. Review the pump specifications to ensure it’s appropriately sized and rated for its intended application.

8. Electrical Component Failure Submersible pumps rely on various electrical components, including capacitors and switches, which can fail over time. Inspect the electrical components for visible signs of wear or damage. If you notice any issues, consult a professional for further evaluation and repair.

Maintenance Tips to Prevent Future Issues

To keep your submersible pump functioning efficiently and prevent future issues, regular maintenance is key. Here are some tips

- Regular Cleaning Periodically clean the intake screen and exterior of the pump to prevent clogging. - Inspect Electrical Connections Check electrical connections regularly for signs of corrosion or wear. - Routine Testing Run the pump periodically even when it’s not in use to ensure it’s operational. - Monitor Performance Keep an eye on the water flow. A sudden decrease in performance can indicate a growing issue.

Conclusion

When a submersible water pump isn’t pumping water, it’s crucial to approach the situation methodically. Identifying the root cause of the problem can save time and prevent additional damage to the pump. By following troubleshooting steps and implementing regular maintenance, you can ensure that your submersible pump continues to operate effectively for many years to come. If the problem persists despite your attempts to resolve it, consider consulting with a professional for further assistance.